縫紉就是把衣片縫合成服裝的工(gong)藝。可(ke)分為手縫工(gong)藝、機(ji)縫工(gong)藝、特殊工(gong)藝等。

　　手縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)手(shou)針(zhen)(zhen)進行縫(feng)制的(de)(de)工藝。是中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)傳統手(shou)工技藝。很(hen)多針(zhen)(zhen)法及其作用(yong)(yong)尚(shang)不能用(yong)(yong)現代縫(feng)紉(ren)機替代。具(ju)有線跡精細、平(ping)整，針(zhen)(zhen)法豐富等(deng)特(te)點(dian)，被譽為(wei)高檔工藝。　手(shou)縫(feng)工藝的(de)(de)主要工具(ju)是手(shou)縫(feng)針(zhen)(zhen)和頂針(zhen)(zhen)箍。絲綢等(deng)纖維較細的(de)(de)織物宜(yi)用(yong)(yong)7～9號(hao)針(zhen)(zhen);鎖眼釘紐宜(yi)用(yong)(yong)4～5號(hao)針(zhen)(zhen)，一般毛料則用(yong)(yong)粗細適中(zhong)的(de)(de)6～8號(hao)針(zhen)(zhen)。

　　機縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)(yong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機(ji)進(jin)行縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)制的(de)工藝。具有針跡(ji)整齊、工效高等(deng)(deng)優點。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)機(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工藝有以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)幾種。①合(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(含兜(dou)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng));將(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)組合(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)暗縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)組合(he)或(huo)(huo)袋蓋、衣(yi)(yi)(yi)領(ling)、袖(xiu)頭(tou)(tou)等(deng)(deng)三(san)邊(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)的(de)翻轉部件。②包縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：以(yi)一(yi)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)包住另一(yi)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)，再(zai)作(zuo)第(di)二或(huo)(huo)第(di)三(san)次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)。有明(ming)包，暗包之別(bie)。一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)布服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)不鎖邊(bian)(bian)的(de)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)。③咬縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：由上下(xia)(xia)(xia)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)咬住中間(jian)一(yi)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)，正(zheng)面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)明(ming)線(xian)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袖(xiu)頭(tou)(tou)、腰(yao)頭(tou)(tou)等(deng)(deng)。④騎縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊織物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)銜接(jie)(不疊起(qi))，在銜接(jie)處緝(ji)(ji)(ji)W狀線(xian)跡(ji)，使兩(liang)塊布互相牽牢(lao)。一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)高檔服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)襯布拼(pin)接(jie)和收顙。⑤平接(jie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊織物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)拼(pin)接(jie)，互為銜接(jie)補充。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)接(jie)長衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)部件等(deng)(deng)。⑥平疊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊織物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)重疊，居(ju)中縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)襯布拼(pin)接(jie)和收顙等(deng)(deng)。⑦來(lai)去縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：將(jiang)兩(liang)塊衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)疊合(he)，先沿毛口(kou)(kou)(kou)正(zheng)面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)狹縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(3cm)再(zai)在反面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)闊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(約7cm)。多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)單衣(yi)(yi)(yi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)。⑧分(fen)(fen)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)疊合(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)分(fen)(fen)開，兩(liang)邊(bian)(bian)各緝(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)道(dao)明(ming)線(xian)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)不易(yi)折轉的(de)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)料(如皮革)或(huo)(huo)線(xian)跡(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾等(deng)(deng)。⑨坐緝(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)傾倒，正(zheng)面(mian)作(zuo)第(di)二次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)固定(ding)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)或(huo)(huo)線(xian)跡(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾。⑩分(fen)(fen)坐緝(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)先合(he)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)，將(jiang)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)傾倒縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)分(fen)(fen)開，在分(fen)(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)上緝(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)道(dao)明(ming)線(xian)。服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)加工中多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)布服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)前袖(xiu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、褲襠縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、后(hou)(hou)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)(deng)。壓(ya)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(悶緝(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng))：上層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)折光(guang)，覆蓋下(xia)(xia)(xia)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)，一(yi)次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)成型。多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)前后(hou)(hou)過(guo)肩或(huo)(huo)呈(cheng)圓弧型、尖角型等(deng)(deng)部件的(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)接(jie)。漏落縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：明(ming)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)漏落于(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)槽內(nei)或(huo)(huo)緊挨坐縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邊(bian)(bian)沿，既能(neng)使線(xian)跡(ji)暗藏，又能(neng)固定(ding)下(xia)(xia)(xia)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)腰(yao)頭(tou)(tou)、里襟等(deng)(deng)。卷邊(bian)(bian)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)卷邊(bian)(bian)壓(ya)腳或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)指將(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)毛口(kou)(kou)(kou)卷光(guang)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)單衣(yi)(yi)(yi)或(huo)(huo)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)里的(de)下(xia)(xia)(xia)口(kou)(kou)(kou)邊(bian)(bian)。倒回(hui)針：在原線(xian)跡(ji)上往返縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)始末加固，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)封口(kou)(kou)(kou)，叉封口(kou)(kou)(kou)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)帶襻等(deng)(deng)。

　　現代服(fu)裝加工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)主要機(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)設備，除(chu)高速平縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)機(ji)(ji)(簡(jian)稱平縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji))外(wai)，還有多(duo)針多(duo)線包(bao)(bao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)機(ji)(ji)(簡(jian)稱包(bao)(bao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji))以及取代手(shou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)開袋、鎖眼、釘扣、扎駁、復襯(chen)(衣(yi)面(mian)與衣(yi)襯(chen)組合(he))、裝袖(xiu)、裝褲腰(yao)、打褶等各(ge)種專用單(dan)機(ji)(ji)，并有多(duo)功能自(zi)動(dong)調速固體電路電子(zi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)機(ji)(ji)問世。20世紀80年代，較先(xian)進的(de)機(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)設備是自(zi)動(dong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)系統，采(cai)用工(gong)(gong)(gong)業攝像機(ji)(ji)和電子(zi)計算機(ji)(ji)監控，能自(zi)動(dong)識別裁(cai)片(pian)的(de)樣式，傳送(song)并進行自(zi)動(dong)分(fen)類控制。